The health alert caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown have caused significant changes in people’s lives. Therefore, it has been essential to study the quality of life, especially in vulnerable populations, including children and adolescents. In this work, the psychological well-being, distribution of tasks and routines, as well as the physical activity done by children and adolescents from two samples: community and high abilities, have been analyzed. The methodology used was Mixed Method Research, through a survey conducted online (...) through social networks. The informants were the parents of the children and adolescents, 209 in the community sample and 116 in the high ability sample. The instrument used was a questionnaire implemented through Google Forms, with open and closed questions, including the Kidscreen-27 scale to measure well-being. The assessment of the adequacy of the physical activity levels was analyzed through ALCESTE. The results showed the absence of differences between students from community samples and those with high capacities in well-being and physical activity. Parents residing in Spain observed less play time in the high ability sample, and more time spent on homework, whether or not they have a diagnosis of high ability. It is concluded that these results question the misconceptions held about high ability students in terms of poorer personal adjustment and better interest in physical activities. (shrink)

Household confinement due to the rapid spread of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 has brought very significant changes, such as the forced stay-at-home of children due to the closure of schools. This has meant drastic changes in the organization of daily life and restrictions on their activities, including exercise, which could affect the quality of life of the children due to its importance. In order to study the relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being of minors, a study has been (...) carried out with Mixed Methods Research, combining survey methodology with transversal design with qualitative methodology using discourse analysis. A total of 234 parents of minors in Spain and several Spanish-speaking countries in America participated. The instrument was a questionnaire in Google Forms, which included the Kidscreen-27 quality of life scale. The results show significant differences in both the type of physical activity and its frequency due to age, and differences in parents’ perception of whether their children’s physical activity levels were sufficient or not, both on the health, mood and school subscales, and in the categorization of open responses referring to concerns due to the pandemic, analyzed with the ALCESTE technique. The relationship between physical activity of children and adolescents and quality of life is clearly concluded. (shrink)

En el primer tercio del siglo XX, Carmen de Burgos realizó una notable tarea para lograr el conocimiento de la literatura extranjera en España y tradujo más de treinta obras de autores tan variados como Ruskin, Renan, Moebius, Salgari o Rachilde. Se ha elegido ordenar sus traducciones de acuerdo con las editoriales que las publicaron para distinguir la línea editorial de cada una de ellas.

This article explores the philosophy of Alain Badiou from the vantage point of the concepts of the localization, delocalization, and relocalization of the void as thematized through literary arts, religion, emancipatory politics, and the subject of psychoanalysis. In short, these moments around the void characterize the processes through which truth is processed and seen through their full realization by a philosophical engagement across the various conditions in which these truths occur. The localization of a void is the naming of an (...) indiscernible element that is incommensurable to the rubric of constructible knowledge, sense and meaning which could saturate the space of truth. Thus, the naming that localizes the void acts as a subtraction of the invariant in the variance of situation such that across various points in space and time, we are still able to subtract the universal as the invariant not just as the fidelity to the localized truth but also as the resurrection of truth upon its relocalization at a different place and a different time. At its core, this article is concerned with truth, why truth is persistent, and why we have to struggle to articulate the truth that we are trying to be faithful to again and again with each instance that truth risks being covered-over and obscured. (shrink)

Este trabajo es un ejercicio de aproximación a la bildung de un personaje, Simón Rodríguez. La bildung de un extaño según nuestra mirada. Un ejercicio otro, distinto, al menos, sobre un venezolano, latinoamericano por antonomasia, un pensador cosmopolita; del cual se ha dicho que fue el filósofo (el Sócrates de Caracas y/o de América), un político, un educador. En él realizamos una suerte de hermenéutica del texto escrito, narrado, y de la acción contada por testigos oculares. La carta, la biografía, (...) el ensayo filosófico y pedagógico no sirvieron de pretextos para presentar a un Rodríguez, además del estraño, escritor. Finalmente, puede decirse, que se intenta contribuir, en alguna medida, con el estudio de la vida, del pensamiento y de la obra del así llamado, Don Simón Rodríguez. (shrink)

Currently, pedagogy prioritizes the way students construct and assimilate knowledge, employing innovative strategies and methodologies such as the STEAM approach. Despite being internationally recognized and promoting motivation and creativity, this teaching model is still incipient in Colombia. Existing studies agree on the need to train teachers to acquire and strengthen their competencies before implementing this approach effectively and taking advantage of its benefits. Therefore, the aim is to analyze the barriers and opportunities related to the implementation of this approach in (...) the following educational institutions: Santo Tomas De Aquino, Nueva Familia, Simón Bolívar and San Luis, located in Duitama, Boyacá - Colombia. The research is guided by a qualitative approach, is descriptive in scope and follows an action research design. The results and conclusions of the study reveal resistance on the part of some educators towards innovation and the adoption of new educational strategies. In addition, there is a lack of investment and interest on the part of schools in developing training programs that promote knowledge and the strengthening of new competencies for the effective adoption of the STEAM approach. (shrink)

La correspondencia bolivariana de Jeremías Bentham revela las razones del interés del filósofo inglés por la lucha emancipadora en la América hispana, así como alguna de las reacciones de los hispanoamericanos ante las ideas utilitaristas.

En este trabajo intentamos un acercamiento a la filosofía social desarrollada por Simón Rodríguez en el conjunto de sus escritos reflexivos sobre la realidad político social hispanoamericana de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Argumentamos que su examen de los problemas de las repúblicas hispanoamericanas constituyen una investigación crítica en el sentido moderno de este término, esto es, una investigación sobre las condiciones de posibilidad mismas de la comunidad como espacio del buen vivir. En este sentido, su trabajopropone la aplicación (...) de criterios, como el dominio del idioma español y el cambio de costumbres, para reformar la cultura. Se concluye que su filosofía social reivindica el papel de la comunidad en las necesarias transformaciones sociales que requiere la vida republicana en América del Sur, por supuesto, sin soslayar la importancia manifiesta que tienen los individuos como agentes concretos de cambio. Simon Rodriguez: his social philosophyIn thispaper we attemptan approach tosocialphilosophydeveloped bySimon Rodriguezon the set ofhis reflectivewritingsonLatin Americansocial and politicalrealityin the first halfof the nineteenth century.We argue thatconsiderationof the problemsof theAmerican republicsare acritical research, inthe modern sense ofthe term,that is,an inquiry intothe conditions of possibilityof this particular community of nationsasa good livingspace. In thissense, thepaper proposesthe applicationof certain criteria such asSpanishlanguage proficiencyand changingof habits,to reform theculture.We conclude thatsocialphilosophyclaims the roleof the community inthe necessarysocial changesrequirea republicin South America, of course, without ignoringthe importancethat individualsmanifestasindividualagentsof change. (shrink)

In Sociedades americanas en 1828, Simón Rodríguez describes and supports a republican attempt as a new way of government. Aware of the problem his project meant and warned against the accusation of being an utopian, he claims that the social republic would not be an utopia, as Tomas Moro imagined about, but the opportunity for the republics in South America to be the good place for an authentic social life. On the grounds that are described above, this paper examines analytically (...) and critically the relationships between republic and utopia in Simon Rodriguez. (shrink)

Securing the internet has arguably become paradigmatic for modern security practice, not only because modern life is considered to be impossible or valueless if disconnected, but also because emergent cyber-relations and their complex interconnections are refashioning traditional security logics. This paper analyses European modes of governing geared toward securing vital, emergent cyber-systems in the face of the interconnected emergency. It develops the concept of ‘bureaucratic vitalism’ to get at the tension between the hierarchical organization and reductive knowledge frames of security (...) apparatuses on the one hand, and the increasing desire for building ‘resilient’, dispersed, and flexible security assemblages on the other. The bureaucratic/vital juxtaposition seeks to capture the way in which cybersecurity governance takes emergent, complex systems as object and model without fully replicating this ideal in practice. Thus, we are concerned with the question of what happens when security apparatuses appropriate and translate vitalist concepts into practice. Our case renders visible the banal bureaucratic manoeuvres that seek to operate upon security emergencies by fostering connectivities, producing agencies, and staging exercises. (shrink)

The design of collaborative robotics, such as driver-assisted operations, engineer a potential automation of decision-making predicated on unobtrusive data gathering of human users. This form of ‘somatic surveillance’ increasingly relies on behavioural biometrics and sensory algorithms to verify the physiology of bodies in cabin interiors. Such processes secure cyber-physical space, but also register user capabilities for control that yield data as insured risk. In this technical re-formation of human–machine interactions for control and communication ‘a dissonance of attribution’ :7684, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805770115) (...) is created between perceptions of phenomena, materials and decision-making. This reconfigures relations not only between humans and machines, objects and subjects, but possibly disrupts attributive functions in the social system of Law. What it requires is shifting a legal accountability for action from a sovereignty of the human to a new materialist account based on a ‘cognitive assemblage’ between physiological data, computation and algorithmic sensing. This paper investigates the function of law as a guidance system to acknowledge this account of sensory and algorithmic computation as autonomous ‘sensing agents’ that may be accountable in situations of risk. This assemblage of robotic computation and sensory determination requires a clearer legal differentiation across the current static terminologies of person, property, liability and rights that maintain strict separations of object from subject. To neglect this, we argue, law will solely impute attributions of error to humans despite evidence of operation via mutual control. (shrink)

Courses on ethics and technology have become compulsory for many students at the three Dutch technical universities during the past few years. During this time, teachers have faced a number of didactic problems, which are partly due to a growing number of students. In order to deal with these challenges, teachers in ethics at the three technical universities in the Netherlands — in Delft, Eindhoven and Twente — have developed a web-based computer program called Agora (see www.ethicsandtechnology.com). This program enables (...) students to exercise their ethical understanding and skills extensively. The program makes it possible for students to participate actively in moral reflection and reasoning, and to develop the moral competencies that are needed in their later professional practice. The developers of the program have tried to avoid two traps. Firstly, they rejected, from the outset, a cookbook style of dealing with ethical problems that applied ethics is often taken to be and, secondly, they wanted to design a flexible program that respects the student’s as well as the teacher’s creativity, and that tries to engage students in moral reflection. Agora meets these requirements. The program offers possibilities that extend beyond the requirements that are usually accepted for case-exercises in applied ethics, and that have been realised in several other computer models for teaching ethics. In this article, we describe the main considerations in the development of Agora and the features of the resulting program. (shrink)

El encargo que recibe la escuela de gestionar las emociones para producir indicadores, mejorar la convivencia o desarrollar las competencias, es solo una de las aristas que tiene la educación escolarizada. En este artículo, y a partir de las vivencias en algunas instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Medellín, se busca indicar otra ruta posible para las emociones en la escuela; aquella que está referida no a su gestión, sino a la comprensión de su componente cognitivo para, por la vía (...) de la formación, contribuir a la transformación creativa de sí. * Este artículo recoge algunas reflexiones del proyecto de investigación Educación global/pedagogía planetaria y espacio social. Una relación colaborativa entre Suiza y Colombia, que desarrollamos en convenio con la Universidad Pedagógica de Berna, con un equipo binacional. En Berna: Angela Stienen y Katryn Oester; en Colombia: Jesús Alberto Echeverri, Juan Camilo Estrada, Juan Carlos Vásquez García. (shrink)

Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida por uma aluna de graduação durante a realização de seu estágio docência. O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar a relação entre trabalho e ensino de matemática em uma escola do campo na região sudeste do estado do Pará, na região norte do Brasil. A metodologia utilizada foi de inspiração etnográfica e os dados foram registrados no caderno de campo da pesquisadora. Também constitui material de análise as produções dos alunos e as (...) observações realizadas em sala de aula. Ao longo do texto apresentamos o contexto de realização da pesquisa, listando, de maneira breve, as principais características do curso de graduação no qual a pesquisadora está matriculada, bem como o contexto geográfico da comunidade onde está localizada a escola no qual a pesquisa foi realizada. Em seguida apresentamos nossa compreensão de duas noções centrais para nossa análise: conhecimento e trabalho. A primeira é tomada de um referencial teórico produzido no interior da Educação Matemática brasileira, conhecido como Modelo dos Campos Semânticos e a segunda é assumida em consonância com um referencial teórico marxista. Após o referencial teórico apresentamos a metodologia da pesquisa, destacando de modo geral as atividades que foram realizadas no estágio docência que se configurou como locus da produção dos dados da pesquisa. Nas análises, apresentamos as compreensões elaboradas pela pesquisadora a partir da articulação do referencial teórico com as atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio. Colocamos em evidência que a compreensão de trabalho apresentada pelos alunos da escola investigada leva em consideração apenas o aspecto financeiro de algumas atividades realizadas por eles em seu dia a dia. Essa compreensão é colocada em contraste com a definição de trabalho apresentada pelos referenciais teóricos adotados. Por fim, tecemos algumas considerações sobre o uso de categorias tomadas da vida cotidiana nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática. Apontamos que essa perspectiva teórica abre a possibilidade de uma ação didática que coloca em evidência a não centralidade da Matemática nos processos de produção de conhecimento, bem como viabiliza a utilização de outras categorias no processo de produção de conhecimento de modo não hierárquico em relação à ciência ocidental. (shrink)

The proposal that there is an illusion of conscious will has been supported by findings that priming of stimulus location in a task requiring judgements of action-authorship can enhance participants’ experience of agency. We attempted to replicate findings from the ‘Wheel of Fortune’ task [Aarts, H., Custers, R., & Wegner, D. M. . On the inference of personal authorship: enhancing experienced agency by priming effect information. Consciousness and Cognition, 14, 439–458]. We also examined participants’ performance on this task in relation (...) to self-reported passivity experiences and hallucination-proneness. We found a significant effect of priming, with primes being found to increase the experience of agency. An interaction between gender and priming was also found, with priming enhancing feelings of agency in women but not in men. There were no significant correlations between levels of self-reported passivity experiences or hallucination-proneness and participants’ susceptibility to the priming effect on ratings of agency. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to a prominent model of passivity experiences. (shrink)

PRADO, Patrícia Simone do. O Mundo nos nomeia : o fundamentalismo religioso no Islã e a categorização de uma identidade performativa. Dissertação (Mestrado) 2013. 148p. - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.

Resumo Este artigo examina um período muito breve da juventude de Nietsche, de seu nascimento a 1862. Durante estes anos Nietzsche descobre progressivamente que o mundo encantado ao interno do qual ele nascera, protegido e seguro, não é imune ao mal e às doenças. Neste estudo examina-se todas as doenças que Nietzsche viu entrar em casa, através do pai, dos parentes e dos amigos. Antes mesmo que sua biografia registrasse patologias que ele carregará consigo até o fim, Nietzsche encontrará as (...) feições do mal nas formas históricas que a sua época registrou deixando marcas indeléveis no seu imaginário.This article examines a very short period of Nietzsche's youth, from his birth to 1862. During these years, Nietzsche gradually discovered that the enchanted world in which he was born, protected and safe, was not immune to evil and disease. This study examines all the diseases that Nietzsche has experienced inside the house, through his father, relatives and friends. Even before his biography recorded pathologies that he would remember ever after, Nietzsche met the face of evil in the historical knowledge that his time recorded leaving indelible traces in his imagination. (shrink)

Die Forderungen nach naturgemäßem Leben, Einfachheit und Askese werden im antiken Denken oftmals in Verbindung gebracht. Vor dem Hintergrund der Frage, was naturgemäß leben im Rahmen verschiedener Ansätze bedeutet, wird untersucht, wie jeweils eine Verknüpfung mit Konzeptionen einfachen Lebens und damit verbundener Askese erfolgt. Ausgehend vom Naturbegriff der frühgriechischen Denker wird anhand von Textbeispielen dargestellt, wie die genannte Verbindung in der Ethik des 5./4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. begründet und in den hellenistischen Schulen fortentwickelt wird. Gezeigt wird, dass Einfachheit und Askese (...) nach antiker Vorstellung die Verwirklichung der menschlichen Natur zum Ziel haben und, anders als im heutigen Denken, nicht etwa den Schutz natürlicher Ressourcen. (shrink)

Utilitarianism and democracy had always been related, to the point that for same authors democracy is nothing but political utilitarianism. Though his claim can be challenged, utilitarians had always supported democracy. However, their main arguments and proposals had been remarkably different. In this paper we analyze these differences in terms both of the intrinsic differences in their theoretical proposals and of the changing historical and political context.

La oratoria martiana es objeto de estudio en la educación superior cubana con el propósito de destacar los principios éticos que el tribuno enarbola, pero se obvia la valoración de la poesía en la que estos se sustentan. Demostramos en este trabajo cómo ambos aspectos se relacionan a través del análisis de algunos de sus discursos políticos más importantes.

On 24 January 41 the emperor Caligula was murdered. Modern scholarly interpretations mainly focus on the alleged attempt by the senate to restore the republic. Taking a different point of view, this paper focuses on the act of murder itself. Caligula’s assassination was, after all, an act of violence against an emperor - unprecedented in the principate so far. It is argued that, by portraying the killing as justified, the narratives of the conspiracy fulfilled two main functions. On the one (...) hand, they can be viewed as immediate responses to views which questioned the violence against Caligula. On the other hand, they develop mechanisms on how to deal with an emperor who was no longer deemed acceptable. (shrink)

RESUMEN La importancia de Rousseau para el surgimiento del idealismo poskantiano ha sido poco investigada. Oculta en gran medida por la recepción kantiana, la obra del pensador ginebrino parece tener tan solo una importancia accesoria. A partir del análisis interpretativo de las fuentes y su comparación con las principales doctrinas de Rousseau, nuestro trabajo busca mostrar, valiéndonos de las obras de Hölderlin y Hegel de la época de Tubinga y de los años inmediatamente posteriores (1791-1795), que la influencia del pensador (...) ginebrino posee una importancia decisiva para concebir el programa artístico y religioso de los autores estudiados. El análisis nos permitirá comprender que el mencionado autor no representa la figura de un filósofo, menos la de un ilustrado, sino más bien la de un sabio, el portador de una doctrina práctica cuyo principio fundamental se encuentra en la suprema dignidad del hombre y en la idea de libertad entendida como autonomía. ABSTRACT Rousseau's importance for the postkantian idealism has been poorly researched. Hidden by the Kantian interpretation, the work of the Geneva thinker seems to have no relevant influence. Departing from an interpretative analysis of the literary sources and a comparison with the main doctrines, our paper aims to show, using Hölderlin and Hegel's Tubingen and the immediately subsequent works (1791-1795), that Rousseau's influence has a decisive importance to understand the artistic and religious program of our authors. This analysis will allow us to understand that Rousseau is not a philosopher, nor an enlightenment figure, but rather a wise man, the bringer of a practical doctrine whose main principle consisted in supreme human dignity and the idea of freedom interpreted as autonomy. (shrink)

En este breve ensayo me interesa analizar el concepto de lenguaje privado desarrollado por Ludwig Wittgenstein. La importancia radica en el desafío que plantea esta noción cuando nos ponemos a pensar sobre las posibilidades reales de un lenguaje puramente privado. En este sentido, el argumento del enfoque wittgensteiniano sostiene que el significado de las palabras no se origina en experiencias subjetivas individuales, sino en la interacción social dentro de una comunidad de hablantes. De modo que, si cada persona tuviera un (...) lenguaje exclusivamente privado, la comunicación sería imposible. Por ello, el objetivo de este escrito se centra en debatir si efectivamente el lenguaje es un fenómeno colectivo, arraigado en prácticas compartidas y acuerdos tácitos, o bien, puede tratarse de una construcción personal subjetiva. En síntesis, para examinar este planteo me centraré en el argumento propuesto por Kripke contra el lenguaje privado, y desde allí, analizaré la paradoja escéptica de Wittgenstein. (shrink)

Este estudo objetivou refletir sobre o contexto da pós-graduação à luz dos argumentos que compõem a obra sociedade do cansaço, de Byung-Chul Han. Nas duas categorias de análise desenvolvidas, que relacionaram as vivências e as reflexões dos autores no âmbito da pós-graduação com os pressupostos de Han, ponderou-se que diversos aspectos inerentes desse cenário contribuem para ocasionar prejuízos à saúde biopsicossocial daqueles que o constituem. São exemplos a violência neuronal, o excesso de positividade, e o status, que confluem para transformar (...) os discentes em animal laborans e configurar sua habitação no território da pós-graduação como em uma sociedade do cansaço, em que não há espaço para uma vida contemplativa. Dessa forma, sinaliza-se a necessidade de reflexões que almejem preservar a saúde mental desses sujeitos como prioridade no planejamento de ensino, pesquisa e gestão, de maneira transversal. (shrink)